The Science of Cannabis and Inflammation

Understanding the Science of Cannabis and Inflammation

This overview summarizes recent peer-reviewed research found in PubMed, the database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. The information below is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. If you have questions about arthritis or other conditions, please consult a licensed physician.

The Chemistry of Cannabis Compounds

Researchers are studying many different parts of the cannabis plant. A review in Chemistry & biodiversity examined over 500 identified substances, including cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and alkaloids, to map out their chemical properties and potential effects on health (see study).

Some of the most studied substances are the acidic precursors to common cannabinoids. A study in the Journal of cannabis research reviewed how compounds like cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA) differ from the more common neutral forms and explores their molecular pharmacology and therapeutic potential (see study).

Certain non-psychotropic cannabinoids, such as cannabigerol and cannabichromene, are also being investigated. A study in the Journal of cannabis research noted these compounds are emerging as potential modulators of neuroinflammation by acting on the brain’s immune cells, known as microglia (see study).

Pain and Inflammation in Clinical Settings

Chronic pain from conditions like endometriosis is often linked to inflammation. A scoping review in the Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology characterized reported effects of cannabis on pain associated with this condition and documented known adverse events (see study).

Inflammatory Biomarkers

Researchers also look at how regular cannabis use relates to markers of inflammation in the body. A systematic review and meta-analysis in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity examined these links and found that evidence is currently inconsistent regarding whether cannabinoids affect inflammatory biomarkers in healthy populations or those with psychiatric disorders (see study).

Brain Health and Older Adults

While less direct regarding joint inflammation, another study in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs looked at the relationship between cannabis use and brain health in middle-aged and older adults, reviewing previous findings on how cannabinoid receptors influence brain volume and cognitive function in that age group (see study).

The science regarding cannabis and inflammation is still evolving. If you are interested in how these findings might apply to your own health, please talk to your doctor.